Romania's performance towards the Digital Decade targets and objectives.
Romania can rely on a well-developed fixed connectivity infrastructure and is strengthening its role in critical technologies like semiconductors. However, persistent R&D gaps, weak SME and start-up innovation and low uptake of emerging technologies limit competitiveness.
Romania's roadmap consists of 98 measures with a budget of EUR 3.6 billion (equivalent to 1.01% of GDP) of which a substantial share stems from the National Recovery and Reform Plan.
Observed Key Performance Indicators as Percentage of the EU 2030 targets
The graph represents the observed Key Performance Indicators in the Member State as a percentage of the EU 2030 targets, as well as the distance, in percentage, to the EU 2030 targets.
The bars for cloud, data analytics and basic skills are empty, as 2023 is the most recent year for which data is available. The bars for edge nodes and unicorns are also empty as the Member State's performance cannot be compared to the EU target.
In 2024, Romania had an estimated 11 edge nodes and no unicorns.
High-performance connectivity and foundational technologies for a competitive EU
Romania remains one of the EU leaders in fixed connectivity, including in sparsely populated areas.
Romania is strengthening its position in critical technologies, with initiatives on semiconductors and quantum computing.
Digitalisation of enterprises is still lagging behind the EU average, especially for SMEs.
Recommendation
Continue efforts, including via EDIHs, to increase the uptake of cloud and AI services by companies of all sizes
Romania underperforms in 5G connectivity, both for coverage and spectrum assignment.
Recommendation
Increase overall 5G coverage, including in 3.4–3.8 GHz band, and spectrum assignment
Digital skills and public services to protect and empower EU people and society
Romania has continued to invest heavily in the digitalisation of public services.
Recommendation
Continue to dedicate the necessary resources for the digitalisation of public services, including after the initial set-up. Streamline of the multiple existing projects.
Romania has improved its performance for the availability of eHealth data.
Recommendation
Continue to expand the data sources available online. Adopt and implement the new strategy on the digitalisation of the health system, taking into account user needs and ease of use.
Romania continues to underperform in basic digital skills.
Recommendation
Continue to integrate basic digital skills as a core component of the education process, both for teachers and students. Make upskilling, particularly of employees in the private sector and the older population a priority.
Romania has a high number of ICT graduates, but is not able to retain the talent in the country.
Recommendation
Boost SME digital skills by simplifying support measures and engaging stakeholders to identify market needs. Identify ways to attract and retain ICT talent.
Leveraging digital transformation for a smart greening
Romania is slowly advancing on an integrated approach to making digital infrastructure greener and tracking emission reductions, including via:
- A national strategy on education and climate change and
- A sustainability code with a dedicated platform to facilitate sustainability reporting
Funding
EUR 5.8 billion
Share of Romania's total Recovery and Resilience plan contributing to advancing the country’s digital transformation
EUR 2.7 billion
Share of Romania’s total Cohesion funds contributing to advancing the country’s digital transformation
What do Romanian citizens think of digital?
According to the special Eurobarometer on the Digital Decade 2025, 62% of Romanian citizens consider that the digitalisation of public and private services is making their lives easier.
78% of citizens consider it important that public authorities mitigate the issue of fake news and disinformation online.
77% of citizens consider it important to ensure that European companies can grow and become ‘European Champions’ able to compete globally.
More on the Digital Decade Report 2025
Member States must submit to the Commission national roadmaps, detailing the actions they plan to...