information updated on 26 April 2024.
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]AliExpress International (Netherlands) B.V.
[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]AliExpress[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
104,3
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Netherlands
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 06.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: opening of proceedings (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Amazon Services Europe S.à.r.l.[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Amazon Store[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
181,3
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Luxembourg
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 15.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Apple Distribution International Limited[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]App Store[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
123
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 14.12.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Aylo Freesites Ltd. [/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Pornhub[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
above 45***
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Cyprus
DSA enforcement actions
- 20.12.2023: designation (Designation decision not yet available; press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Booking.com B.V.[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Booking.com[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
above 45**
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Netherlands
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Google Ireland Ltd.[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Google Search[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online search engine
Average monthly active users in millions*
364
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf and corrigendum .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Designated service
[notranslate]Google Play[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
284,6
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 14.12.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Designated service
[notranslate]Google Maps[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
275,6
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Designated service
[notranslate]Google Shopping[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
70.8
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Designated service
[notranslate]Youtube[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
416,6
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 09.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Infinite Styles Services Co, Ltd [/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Shein[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
108
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
-
26.04.2024: designation (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]LinkedIn[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
Logged-in active users: 45.2
Logged-out site visits: 132.5
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Meta Platforms Ireland Limited (MPIL)[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Facebook[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
259
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 19.10.2023: request for information (press release)
- 10.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 01.12.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 01.03.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Designated service
[notranslate]Instagram[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
259
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 19.10.2023: request for information (press release)
- 10.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 01.12.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 01.03.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Microsoft Ireland Operations Limited [/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Bing[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online search engine
Average monthly active users in millions*
119
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Pinterest Europe Ltd. [/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Pinterest[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
124
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Snap B.V.[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Snapchat[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
102
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Netherlands
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 10.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Technius Ltd. [/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Stripchat[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
above 45***
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Cyprus
DSA enforcement actions
- 20.12.2023: designation (Designation decision not yet available; press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]TikTok Technology Limited[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]TikTok[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
135,9
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 19.10.2023: request for information (press release)
- 09.11.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
- 19.02.2024: opening of proceedings (summary note. pdf); press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
- 17.04.2024: request for information (press release)
- 22.04.2024: opening of proceedings + communication of intention to impose interim measures + request for information by decision (press release) (summary note. pdf)
- 24.04.2024: statement of Commissioner Breton on TikTok’s suspension of TikTok Lite functionalities
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Twitter International Unlimited Company (TIUC) [/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]X[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
115,1
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Ireland
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 12.10.2023: request for information (press release)
- 18.12.2023: opening of proceedings (Commission decision initiating proceedings .pdf; press release)
- 14.03.2024: request for information (press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]WebGroup Czech Republic[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]XVideos[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
160
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Czechia
DSA enforcement actions
- 20.12.2023: designation (Designation decision not yet available; press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Wikimedia Foundation Inc 3****[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Wikipedia[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
151,1
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Any Member State
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
Main establishment of the provider in the EU
[notranslate]Zalando SE[/notranslate]
Designated service
[notranslate]Zalando[/notranslate]
Type of service under DSA
Very large online platform
Average monthly active users in millions*
Monthly average in retail: 74.5
Monthly average for third-party content: 26.8
Digital Services Coordinator as of 17 February 2024
Germany
DSA enforcement actions
- 25.04.2023: designation (Commission decision .pdf; press release)
- 18.01.2024: request for information (press release)
Notes
* As reported by the provider (e.g. transparency reports, website) and without prejudice to the assessment by the Commission of the methodology used to calculate the active recipients of service.
** Without prejudice to enforcement actions under Article 24 (2) DSA
*** As determined by the Commission
**** Without prejudice to enforcement actions under Article 13 DSA
Related Content
Big Picture
The Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act aim to create a safer digital space where the fundamental rights of users are protected and to establish a level playing field for businesses.
See Also
Under DSA, trusted flaggers are responsible for detecting potentially illegal content and alert online platforms. They are entities designated by the national Digital Services Coordinators.
The European Board for Digital Services is an independent advisory group that has been established by the Digital Services Act, with effect from 17 February 2024.
Digital Services Coordinators help the Commission to monitor and enforce obligations in the Digital Services Act (DSA).
The Digital Services Act (DSA) details a range of actions to promote transparency and accountability of online services, without hindering innovation and competitiveness.
Since August 2023, platforms have already started to change their systems and interfaces according to the Digital Services Act (DSA) to provide a safer online experience for all.
The enforcement of the Digital Services Act (DSA) includes a full set of investigative and sanctioning measures that can be taken by national authorities and the Commission.
The Digital Services Act (DSA) provides a framework for cooperation between the Commission, EU and national authorities to ensure platforms meet its obligations.
Very large online platforms and search engines are those with over 45 million users in the EU. They must comply with the most stringent rules of the DSA.
Find out how the DSA can make the online world safer and protect your fundamental rights.
The European Centre for Algorithmic Transparency (ECAT) is committed to improved understanding and proper regulation of algorithmic systems.