European 5G Observatory

The European 5G Observatory is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the development of 5G networks. Whether you are a policymaker, researcher, telecom operator, or simply a tech enthusiast, the Observatory offers reliable and up-to-date information on 5G’s progress.

The Observatory tracks a wide range of data on 5G deployments since 2018, including use of 5G standalone for verticals and radio spectrum assignments. It covers the 27 EU Member States and 20 additional non-EU countries, offering a comprehensive view of 5G developments across Europe and beyond.

Download the 2025 5G Observatory report 

The Digital Decade 2030 targets set out very clear pillars: digital skills, digital infrastructure, digitalisation of businesses, and digitalisation of public services, with concrete milestones such as:

• Gigabit connectivity for all households and 5G coverage for all populated areas
• Secure, sustainable digital infrastructures (including spectrum and edge computing)
• Modernisation of public services and industrial competitiveness

In alignment with the goals of the Digital Decade, the European 5G Observatory is monitoring the indicators below. Explore them individually, or download them all together in one document:

Download the 5G Observatory indicators - as of 2024 

Download the 5G Observatory indicators data - as of 2024 

• 5G geographic coverage (% land area)
• 5G coverage of households (% households)
• 5G rural households' coverage (% households)
• 5G coverage of households in the 3.4-3.8 GHz band (% households)
• 5G rural households' coverage in the 3.4-3.8 GHz band (% households)
• 5G indoor coverage (%)

Access the 5G coverage indicators   

• 5G base stations deployment
• 5G base stations deployment in the lower bands (700 MHz)
• 5G base stations deployment in the mid-bands (3.4-3.8 GHz)
• 5G base stations deployment in the millimetre-wave bands (26 GHz)
• Edge nodes
• Number of infrastructure sharing agreements

Access the 5G infrastructure deployment indicators   

• Allocated 5G spectrum bands
• 5G harmonised spectrum assigned (% of harmonised spectrum assigned)
• 5G spectrum auction proceeds (million €)
• Time to market for spectrum allocation (months)
• Dynamic spectrum sharing (% base station)

  Access the 5G spectrum assignment indicators 

• 5G non-standalone (launch year)
• 5G standalone (launch year)
• 5G non-standalone availability (%)
• 5G standalone availability (%)

Access the 5G standalone and non-standalone availability indicators   

• Total mobile network investments (million €)
• Percentage invested in 5G out of total mobile network investments (%)
• Ratio of total 5G investment to mobile revenue (%)
• 5G radio access network (RAN) investments (million €)
• 5G core network investments (million €)

Access the 5G investment indicators 

• 5G share of total SIM cards (%)
• Mobile broadband take-up (% households)
• 5G average revenue per user (€)

Access the 5G uptake indicators